Defining SUDO Records (Task Delegation)

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Defining SUDO Records (Task Delegation)

A record in the SUDO class stores a command script so that users can run the script with borrowed permissions. The ability to borrow permissions is tightly controlled by the SUDO record, as well as by the sesudo command that executes the scripts.

Note: If you create a SUDO record for an interactive Windows application, you must set the interactive flag for the SUDO record. If you do not set the interactive flag, the application runs in the background and you cannot interact with it. For more information, see the Troubleshooting Guide.

In a SUDO record, the comment property is used for a special purpose, and often it is known by its alternate name: the data property.

The comment property's value is the command script, with the optional addition of one or more script parameter values that are to be prohibited or permitted. The entire comment property value must be enclosed in single quotes, and executables should be referenced by their complete path names in order to prevent Trojan horses from taking their place.

This is the format for the comment property:

comment('cmd[;[prohibited‑values][;permitted‑values]]')

Because the lists of prohibited and permitted values are optional, a simple comment property value can be the following:

newres SUDO NET comment('net use')

The simple value in the command means that the command sesudo NET will execute the command 'net use'. No particular script parameter values are prohibited; all are permitted.

Wildcards and powerful variables give you flexibility in specifying prohibited and permitted parameters. The wildcards you can use are the standard Windows wildcards. Prohibited and permitted parameters can also contain the following variables:

Variable	Description
$A	An alpha value
$G	An exiting CA ControlMinder group name
$H	(UNIX only) A parameter that starts with the user's home directory
$N	A numeric value
$O	The CA ControlMinder name of the user running sesudo
$U	An existing CA ControlMinder user name
$e	An empty entry. Use this to specify a SUDO command with no parameters for the rule.
$f	An existing file name
$g	An existing Windows group name
$h	An existing host name
$r	An existing file with Windows read access
$u	An existing Windows user name
$w	An existing file with Windows write access
$x	An existing file with Windows execute access

If you append a list of prohibited parameter values to the script:

Separate the script from the prohibited parameter values with a semicolon, but keep them all inside the single quotes. For example, if you want to prevent the user from using -start but you permit the user to use all other parameters, enter the following command:
```
newres SUDO scriptname comment('cmd;-start')
```
where cmd represents your script.

Alternatively, if you do not allow any parameter values, but rather want all parameters defaulted, define the SUDO record as follows:
```
newres SUDO scriptname comment('cmd;*')
```
If a script parameter has more than one prohibited value, use the space character as a separator. For example, if you want to prevent the user from using -start and -stop but you permit the user to use all other parameters, enter the following command:
```
newres SUDO scriptname comment('cmd;-start -stop')
```
If more than one script parameter has prohibited values, use the pipe character (|) as a separator between sets of prohibited values. For example, if you want to prevent the user from using -start and -stop for the script's first parameter and from using any existing Windows user name for the second parameter (see the previous list of variables), enter the following command:
```
newres SUDO scriptname comment('cmd;-start -stop | $u')
```
If the script has more parameters than you list, then your last set of prohibited parameters applies to all the remaining parameters.

If you append a list of permitted parameter values to the script,

The sesudo utility checks that the parameter values:
- Do not match any of the corresponding prohibited values.
- Match at least one of the corresponding permitted values.
This means that if a parameter value is in the prohibited list, it will not be permitted even if it is also specified in the permitted list.
Separate the list of permitted values from the list of prohibited values with a semicolon, but keep them all inside the single quotes. Even if you have no list of prohibited values, you still need the semicolon; otherwise what you intend to permit will be prohibited. For example, if you want to allow only the value NAME as a parameter value for the script, enter the following command:
```
newres SUDO scriptname comment('cmd;;NAME')
```
Just as in the other list,
- If a script parameter has more than one permitted value, use the space character as a separator.
- If more than one script parameter has permitted values, use the pipe character (|) as a separator between sets of permitted values.
For example, if you have two parameters, and the first must be numeric but must not be a Windows user name, and the second must be alphabetic but must not be a Windows group name, enter the following command:
```
newres SUDO scriptname comment('cmd;$u | $g ;$N | $A')
```
If the script has more parameters than you list, then your last set of permitted parameters applies to all the remaining parameters.

Thus, the overall format for the comment property is this: first the script; then the prohibited values, parameter by parameter; then the permitted values, parameter by parameter:

comment('cmd; \
param1_prohib1 param1_prohib2 ... param1_prohibN | \
param2_prohib1 param2_prohib2 ... param2_prohibN | \
 ...
paramN_prohib1 paramN_prohib2 ... paramN_prohibN ; \
param1_permit1 param1_permit2 ... param1_permitN | \
param2_permit1 param2_permit2 ... param2_permitN |
 ...
paramN_permit1 paramN_permit2 ... paramN_permitN')

The sesudo utility checks each parameter entered by the user in the following manner:

Test if parameter N matches permitted parameter N. (If permitted parameter N does not exist, the last permitted parameter is used.)
Test if parameter N matches prohibited parameter N. (If prohibited parameter N does not exist, the last prohibited parameter is used.)

If all the parameters match permitted parameters, and none match prohibited parameters, sesudo executes the command.

Example: Set Up Task Delegation that Permits a User to Run net send

The following procedure shows you how you let user Takashi execute the net send command and prevent him from executing the net start command:

In CA ControlMinder Endpoint Management click the Users tab, then click the Authorization and Delegation subtab.
The Authorization and Delegation menu options appear on the left.
Click Task Delegations.
The Task Delegations page appears.
Click Create Task.
The Create Task page appears.
Complete the dialog fields as follows:

Field	Value
Name	NET
Data	net;start;send *
Owner	nobody
Default Access	None (option cleared)
Authorized Accessors	USER: Takashi Allow: Execute

Click Save.
The new task delegation (SUDO) record is created.
Test the task delegation rule:
1. Log in as Takashi.
2. Open the command prompt and execute the following:
```
	sesudo -do NET start
```
  The following message appears:
```
	sesudo: you are not allowed to use 'start' as parameter number 1.
```
  Note: net start will not execute because it was defined as a prohibited value.
3. Execute the following value:
```
	sesudo -do NET send comp message
```
  The command should execute.

Example: Authorize a User to Execute Privileged Operations using an Interactive Application

A user can perform highly privileged operations using any snap-in MSC module, as the following example shows:

In CA ControlMinder Endpoint Management click the Users tab, then click the Authorization and Delegation subtab.
The Authorization and Delegation menu options appear on the left.
Click Task Delegations.
The Task Delegations page appears.
Click Create Task.
The Create Task page appears.
Complete the dialog fields as follows:

Field	Value
Name	services
Data	c:\winnt\system32\mmc.exe
Owner	nobody
Options	Interactive (option selected)
Default Access	None (option cleared)
Authorized Accessors	USER: Tori Allow: Execute

Click Save.
The new task delegation (SUDO) record is created. The Interactive option provides the desktop user interface that can be used by whoever is logged in when the service is started. This is available only if the service is running as a LocalSystem account.
Test the task delegation rule:
1. Log in as Tori.
2. Open the command prompt and execute the following:
```
	sesudo -do services
```
3. mmc.exe will start.

More information:

Task Delegation Hangs for Interactive Application