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HP-UX

On HP systems, partitioning is covered under two major categories—software partitioning and hardware partitioning. The following illustration shows the partitioning under both software partitioning and hardware partitioning:

• nPartitions (nPars), which is a hard partitioning, enables the users to create partitions at the hardware level. Each nPartition runs its own OS image, and applications running in one partition are completely isolated from the applications running in other hard partitions. Thus, each partition works as if it is a separate physical server.
• Virtual Partitions (vPars), which is a soft partitioning, enables the users to create multiple virtual systems within a server or nPartition. Each virtual system is isolated from the other virtual system and has its own OS instance, resources, applications, and users.
• HP Integrity Virtual Machines (Integrity VM), which is a soft partitioning, provides the ability to create multiple virtual machines on HP Itanium server or nPartition. Each virtual machine runs its own separate "guest" operating system instance, applications, and users in a fully isolated environment. The Itanium server allocates its physical resources to different virtual machines, which it hosts, as and when required.