In a TCP/IP environment, interacting processes are uniquely identified to each other by a combination of IP address and port number. Port numbers are inherently defined as part of the various protocols, but a system administrator must explicitly assign the IP addresses.
IPv4 addresses are 32-bit addresses represented in dotted-decimal format (for example, 123.456.789.0). IPv6 addresses are 128-bit addresses represented in colon-hexadecimal format (for example 2001:DB8::8:800:200C:4).
Symbolic names can also be defined in a one-to-one relationship with IP addresses, letting users reference destinations with symbolic names such as "First.floor.print.room" or "UTAH.Sales," rather than using raw IP addresses.
TCP/IP name resolution is used as follows:
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