The Differences Between Projects and Programs

Programs are top-level projects that serve as the parent or umbrella project to one or more child projects. Unlike master projects, which also serve as parent projects to child projects, you can use programs to view combined actuals and effort for all of the projects contained within them. In this way, programs provide an important top-down summary view of an organization's goals and the plan to meet them.

Though a program is a project and shares some of the same functionality as a project or master projects, it also differs in a few significant ways. For example, you cannot create non-milestone tasks at the program level, nor can you staff a program. And while you cannot financially enable a program, you can create a financial plan for it and view plan data in a graph format. In addition, you can view the combined actuals and other totals for all of the projects in a program.

It is important to understand the differences and similarities between programs, master projects, projects, and subprojects. The following table provides a summary of the differences and similarities:

Attribute or Ability

Program

Master Project

Project

Comments

Displays sum of values from subprojects

Yes

No

N/A

You can view the combined actuals and effort for all of the projects in a program. You cannot do this from master projects.

Assign Staff Members

No

Yes

Yes

You cannot assign staff at the program level. The roles that display on the Program: Team: Staff page are read-only and are aggregated from the program's subprojects. The project role assigned to a team member is displayed. If a resource does not have an assigned team member role, then their name appears individually in the list.

You cannot edit this list.

Add Participants

Yes

Yes

Yes

You can add participants to programs, master projects, and subprojects.

Create and apply a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)

No

Yes

Yes

Because you cannot staff or add non-milestone tasks to programs, you cannot create and apply a WBS to programs.

Use Tasks

Milestones Only

Yes

Yes

You can add milestones to programs, but you cannot add key tasks or task estimates.

Use Planning features

Yes

Yes

Yes

You can create budgets and forecasts for programs and projects.

Connect to Scheduler

Read-only

Read/Write

Read/Write

Because it does not contain actuals of its own, a program can only viewed as read-only in a desktop scheduler, such as Open Workbench and Microsoft Project.

More information:

Programs

Access Rights for Programs

Access Programs

Master Projects and Subprojects